Total population: 22,005,222 (July 2012 est.)
Average population growth rate: 2.68% (2012 est.)
Urban population: 30% of total population (2010)
Urban growth rate: 3.9% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Rural Population: 70% of total population (2010)
Population density of Madagascar: 36.65 humans per square kilometer (2011)
Health
Male: 61.97 years
Female: 66.1 years (2012 est.)
HIV prevalence: 0.2% (2009 est.)
Literacy
Male: 67.4%
Female: 61.6% (2010)
Population Structure
| Age (years) | per% | No of Males | No of Females | Total |
| 0-14 | 41.4 | 4,593,719 | 4,515,993 | 9,109,712 |
| 15-24 | 20.6 | 2,268,344 | 2,258,449 | 4,526,793 |
| 25-54 | 30.8 | 3,397,077 | 3,391,042 | 6,788,119 |
| 55-64 | 4.1 | 424,997 | 468,933 | 893,930 |
| 65 years and over | 3.1 | 311,810 | 374,858 | 686,668 |
